SEAOC Online Blue Book:
Seismic Design Recommendations

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Preface to Online Edition
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Preface to Online Edition
Glossary of Acronyms
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Glossary of Acronyms
Foundation Overview (update)
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Foundation seismic design and detailing provisions are explicitly contained in both ASCE 7-05 and the 2006 International Building Code (IBC) (2007 CBC).
Piles
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An overview of the design of piles, pile caps, and grade beams under ASCE 7-05 and the 2006 IBC (2007 CBC) is provided in Article 7.01.001, Foundation Design Overview. That article explains that the 2006 IBC is based upon provisions initiated by the 2000 NEHRP/2000 IBC provisions. ASCE 7-05 also incorporates substantial changes from Chapter 7 of the 2003 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures.
Steel SFRS Foundation Connections
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It is important to recognize the limit state of a steel SFRS (seismic force-resisting system), which may take the form of a moment frame, braced frame, or steel plate shear wall, so that the connections to the foundation are compatible with that system.
Buckling-Restrained Brace Frames
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Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames (BRBFs) are a special class of concentrically braced frames (CBFs) in which overall brace buckling is precluded at expected force demands of the brace (Clark et al., 1999). Just as with other concentrically braced frames, the centerlines of BRBF members that meet at a joint intersect at a point (or with minor eccentricities) to form a complete vertical truss system that resists lateral forces.
Dual Systems
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Dual Systems
Light-Frame Wall Hold-downs
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Hold-downs (or tie-downs) are load path elements that resist uplift and overturning effects in wall panels with wood or metal light framing. They function by connecting the boundary element of a wall panel to supporting structural elements such as foundations, grade beams, slabs, other frame or wall elements, or to connect with hold-downs in an adjacent story.
Cantilever Column Systems
5.00
Cantilever column systems are seismic force-resisting systems in which the lateral forces are resisted entirely by columns that act as vertical cantilevers. Cantilever columns provide a simple alternative to a moment frame, braced frame, or shear wall for a variety of low-rise structures. In particular, they are useful in low-rise light-frame construction of two stories or less in combination with other structural systems to provide resistance along an independent line of resistance, as may be needed for an addition to an existing building. Cantilever column elements currently compete with proprietary prefabricated shear panels and proprietary light-gauge braced elements in lightframe shear wall systems.
Special Truss Moment Frames
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A Truss Moment Frame (TMF) is a building framing system that is used for relatively long bay widths. This framing system provides higher lateral stiffness with relatively less weight as compared to moment framing systems with solid beams. Previous editions of the Uniform Building Codes allowed the use of trusses as a Special Moment-Resisting Frame (SMRF) as indicated in Section 2211.7.6, which stated “Trusses may be used as horizontal members in SMRF if the sum of the truss seismic force flexural strength exceeds the sum of the column seismic force flexural strength immediately above and below the truss by a factor of at least 1.25.” In other words, this allowed the strong truss-weak column concept in seismic zones.

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